1. No category

37th Asia Expert Meeting on UN Regulations Related to Electric Vehicle
Measurement of Net Power (R85),
Requirement for Frontal Crash Regulation (R94),
Requirement for Side Impact Regulation (R95),
Requirement for the Electric Power Train (R100)
Date
Place
:
:
August 6th, 2014 (WED)
Pullman King Power Hotel, Bangkok
http://www.pullmanbangkokkingpower.com/
8:30 - 9:30
Registration
9:30 - 9:40
Opening Address : from DLT
9:40 – 9:45
Message : from JASIC
9:45 - 10:00
Photo Session
10:00 - 10:20
Coffee Break (20 minutes)
10:20 - 11:20
R94 & R95 & R100 General Information, Technical Requirements
Information for the following items requested by DLT

Periodic inspection for electric vehicle (checklists or additional check items)

Rescue on electric vehicle in case of emergency e.g. crashing and flood

Daily maintenance for electric vehicle
: from Mr. Okura
Q & A & Discussion
11:30 - 13:00
Lunch
13:00 - 14:00
R94 & R95 & R100 Testing
: from Mr. Sawamura
Q & A & Discussion
14:00 - 14:20
Coffee Break (20 minutes)
14:20 - 15:20
R85 General Information, Technical Requirements & Testing
: from Mr. Yamanaka
Q & A & Discussion
15:20 - 15:40
Closing address : from DLT
R100, R12, R94, R95
General Information
- Technical Requirements August 6, 2014
JASIC
Kazuma OKURA
Contents
- Overview of R100, R12, R94, R95
- Technical Requirements
1. In-use Safety(R100 Part Ⅰ)
a. Protection against Electrical Shock
b. Functional Safety
2. Post-crash Safety(R12, R94, R95)
a. Protection against Electrical Shock
b. REESS Requirements
3. REESS Safety(R100 Part Ⅱ)
- Vehicle Inspection
- Rescue Manual
Overview of R100, R12, R94, R95
Japanese
Regulation
History
UN R
WP29
1997
R100-00
2007
Approval of ELSA
Attachment1102)
ELSA1)
Main Issue : Electrical Shock
Attachment1113)
In-Use Discussion
Post-Crash Discussion
2010 R100-01
R100-01(Part Ⅰ)
2011 R12-04
R94-02
R95-03
R12-04
R94-02
R95-03
2013 R100-02
R100-02(Part Ⅱ)
1)
2)
3)
Main Issue : Battery
Informal Group on Electric Safety
Technical Standard for Protection of Occupants
against High Voltage in Electric Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Technical Standard for Protection of Occupants against High Voltage
after Collision in Electric Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Overview of R100, R12, R94, R95
Scope
UN R
Scope
R100 Series 01
Safety requirements with respect to the
electric power train of road vehicles
R100 Series 02
Part Ⅱ
Safety requirements with respect to the
Rechargeable Energy Storage
System(REESS) of road vehicles
R12
Series 04
Safety Requirements with respect to the
electric power train of road vehicles
after full-wrap frontal collision(5.5)
R94
Series 02
Safety Requirements with respect to the
electric power train of road vehicles
after frontal offset collision(5.2.8)
R95
Series 03
Safety Requirements with respect to the
electric power train of road vehicles
after lateral collision(5.3.7)
Comments
Dedicated to EV,
HEV, and FCV
Post-crash
safety regulations
applied to all the
vehicles
Additional
requirements
dedicated to EV,
HEV, and FCV
Overview of R100, R12, R94, R95
Objective Parts
High Voltage Cables
High Voltage
↓
> 60 Vdc
or
> 30 Vac
Integrated Box
- On-board Charger
- DC/DC Converter
Inverter
High Voltage Battery
Charging Inlets
- Normal
- Quick
Other High Voltage Components
- Air Compressor for HVAC
- PTC Heater
Traction Motor
Overview of R100, R12, R94, R95
Basic concept for the Protection against Electrical Shock
 Electrical Shock :
The passage of an electric current through the human body by direct
contact or indirect contact with 2 points which have different electric
potential(voltage)
 Direct Contact :
The contact of persons with live parts(the conductive parts intended to be
electrically energized in normal use
 Indirect Contact :
The contact of persons with exposed conductive parts
＋
＋
＋
＋
－
－
－
－
Direct Contact
Indirect Contact
Overview of R100, R12, R94, R95
Basic Concept for the Protection against Electrical Shock
(1) Protection
against direct contact
with live parts of the
powertrain
(2)Protection against
indirect contacts with
exposed conductive
parts of the
powertrain
 Prevention by insulation
and/or by the use of barriers,
enclosures, or others
Ensure occupant
safety by 3
approaches (3) Maintenance of 500Ω/Volt
or higher insulation resistance
 Potential equalization resistance
between exposed conductive parts
and electrical chassis be below 0.1.
Minimum insulation resistance of
500/volt, which eliminates occupant
harming risks. Insulation resistance will be
harmonized with related standards based
on the latest studies.
R100 Part Ⅰ Technical Requirements
1. Protection against Electrical Shock
Protection against Direct Contact
<Requirement>
The protection against direct contact with live parts1) shall comply with
- IPXXD2) inside the passenger compartment or luggage compartment and
- IPXXB3) in areas other than the passenger compartment or luggage compartment.
These protections (solid insulator, barrier, enclosure, etc.) shall
not be able to be opened, disassembled or removed without the use of tools.
1)
2)
live parts : the conductive parts intended to be electrically energized in normal use.
IPXXB, IPXXD : protection degrees
<Purpose>
to prevent human body from touching “high voltage”.
<Measures>
barrier, enclosure : ex. aluminum casting case etc.
exception : connector, service disconnect
R100 Part Ⅰ Technical Requirements
1. Protection against Electrical Shock
Protection against Direct Contact
the passenger compartment
or luggage compartment
IPXXB – 80mm standard
finger cannot touch live parts
(5.1.1.3)
IPXXD –100mm wire cannot
touch live parts (5.1.1.1)
IPXXB – 80mm standard finger cannot
touch live parts (5.1.1.2)
Connectors
(including vehicle inlet)
areas other than
the passenger compartment
or luggage compartment
R100 Part Ⅰ Technical Requirements
1. Protection against Electrical Shock
Protection against Direct Contact
<Requirement>
The symbol shall appear on or near the REESS. The symbol background shall
be yellow, the bordering and the arrow shall be black.
The symbol shall also be visible on enclosures and barriers,
which, when removed expose live parts of high voltage circuits.
This provision is optional to any connector for high voltage buses.
This provision shall not apply to any of the following cases:
(a)Where barriers or enclosures cannot be physically accessed, opened, or
removed; unless other vehicle components are removed with the use of tools;
(b) Where barriers or enclosures are located underneath the vehicle floor.
Cables for high voltage buses which are not located within enclosures shall
be identified by having an outer covering with the colour orange.
<Purpose>
to prevent users from opening, disassembling, removing unconsciously.
R100 Part Ⅰ Technical Requirements
1. Protection against Electrical Shock
Protection against Direct Contact
EUR/US
RUSSIA
ARABIA
ASIA
R100 Part Ⅰ Technical Requirements
1. Protection against Electrical Shock
Protection against Indirect Contact
<Requirement>
For protection against electrical shock which could arise from indirect contact,
the exposed conductive parts, such as the conductive barrier and enclosure,
shall be galvanically connected securely to the electrical chassis by
connection with electrical wire or ground cable, or by welding, or by
connection using bolts, etc. so that no dangerous potentials are produced.
The resistance between all exposed conductive parts and the electrical
chassis shall be lower than 0.1 ohm when there is current flow of at least
0.2 amperes.
This requirement is satisfied if the galvanic connection has been established
by welding.
<Purpose>
to prevent human body from getting an electric shock even if isolation
resistance between the live parts and the exposed conductive parts
decreases.
R100 Part Ⅰ Technical Requirements
1. Protection against Electrical Shock
Protection against Indirect Contact
<Requirement>
In the case of motor vehicles which are intended to be connected to the
grounded external electric power supply through the conductive connection,
a device to enable the galvanical connection of the electrical chassis to the
earth ground shall be provided.
The device should enable connection to the earth ground before exterior
voltage is applied to the vehicle and retain the connection until after the
exterior voltage is removed from the vehicle.
Compliance to this requirement may be demonstrated either by using the
connector specified by the car manufacturer, or by analysis.
<Background>
The grounding of the electrical chassis of the vehicle lowers the risk of the
electrical shock during the charging.
R100 Part Ⅰ Technical Requirements
1. Protection against Electrical Shock
Isolation Resistance
<Requirement>
If AC high voltage buses and DC high voltage buses are galvanically isolated
from each other, isolation resistance between the high voltage bus and the
electrical chassis shall have a minimum value of 100 ohms/volt of the
working voltage for DC buses, and a minimum value of 500 ohms/volt of the
working voltage for AC buses.
<Purpose>
simultaneously
to prevent arespectively
leak current from passing through the
human body.
※ sufficiently lower than the internal resistance of the human body
AC≧500Ω/V
Motor
DC≧100Ω/V
Inverter
Isolated
Battery
AC+DC≧500Ω/V
Motor
Inverter
Non-isolated
Battery
R100 Part Ⅰ Technical Requirements
1. Protection against Electrical Shock
Isolation Resistance
<Exception for Fuel cell vehicles>
If the minimum isolation resistance requirement cannot be maintained over
time, then protection shall be achieved by any of the following:
(a) Double or more layers of solid insulators, barriers or enclosures that
meet the requirement in paragraph 5.1.1. independently;
(b) On-board isolation resistance monitoring system together with a warning
to the driver if the isolation resistance drops below the minimum required
value.
<Reason>
difficult to keep isolation resistance of FCVs
R100 Part Ⅰ Technical Requirements
1. Protection against Electrical Shock
Isolation Resistance
<Requirement>
For the vehicle inlet intended to be conductively connected to the grounded
external AC power supply and the electrical circuit that is galvanically
connected to the vehicle inlet during charging of the REESS, the isolation
resistance between the high voltage bus and the electrical chassis shall be at
least 1 megohm when the charger coupler is disconnected. During the
measurement, the traction battery may be disconnected.
<Reason>
Same as IEC requirement.
electrical circuit
≧1MΩ
Charger
REESS
vehicle inlet
to the grounded
external AC
power supply
R100 Part Ⅰ Technical Requirements
2. Functional Safety
Indicator for “Ready to Run”
<Requirement>
At least a momentary indication shall be given to the driver when the vehicle is
in "active driving possible mode".
However, this provision does not apply under conditions where an internal
combustion engine provides directly or indirectly the vehicle's propulsion
power.
When leaving the vehicle, the driver shall be informed by a signal (e.g. optical
or audible signal) if the vehicle is still in the active driving possible mode.
<Background>
This requirement follows the provision in R100-00, but the exemption is added
in consideration of hybrid vehicles.
R100 Part Ⅰ Technical Requirements
3. Functional Safety
Prevention against Vehicle Movement with Charging Connection
<Requirement>
If the on-board REESS can be externally charged by the user, vehicle
movement by its own propulsion system shall be impossible as long as the
connector of the external electric power supply is physically connected to the
vehicle inlet.
This requirement shall be demonstrated by using the connector specified by
the car manufacturer.
<Purpose>
To prevent a vehicle from tearing off the charging cable.
R100 Part Ⅰ Technical Requirements
3. Functional Safety
Indicator of the drive direction
<Requirement >
The state of the drive direction control unit shall be identified to the driver.
<Background>
Electric vehicles normally control the drive direction only by the traction
motor control, not by mechanical devices such as reverse gear .
R12, R94, R95 Technical Requirements
Background
 R100 requires not to get an electrical shock even if one failure occurs.
※ For example, if the insulation resistance becomes low, but the
potential equalization still comply with the indirect contact requirement,
there are no risks of having the electrical shock.
 This technical regulation aims to provide the requirements for post-crash
safety, then it considers minimum requirements for the protection of
occupants of a vehicle.
 The condition of the electrical shock includes not only the direct contact,
the indirect contact, the insulation resistance, but also the voltage and
the energy of the electrical shock circuit.
R12, R94, R95 Technical Requirements
1. Protection against Electrical Shock
<Requirement>
After the impact at least one of the four criteria specified
1. Absence of high voltage
2. Low electrical energy
3. Physical protection
4. Isolation resistance
<Background>
Explained in the previous slide.
R12, R94, R95 Technical Requirements
2. REESS Requirements
Electrolyte Spillage
<Requirement>
In the period from the impact until 30 minutes after no electrolyte from the
REESS shall spill into the passenger compartment and no more than 7 per
cent of electrolyte shall spill from the REESS except open type traction
batteries outside the passenger compartment. For open type traction
Batteries no more than 7 per cent with a maximum of 5.0 liters shall spill
outside the passenger compartment.
<Purpose>
to prevent electrolyte from catching fire.
R12, R94, R95 Technical Requirements
2. REESS Requirements
REESS Retention
<Requirement>
REESS located inside the passenger compartment shall remain in the location
in which they are installed and REESS components shall remain inside
REESS boundaries.
No part of any REESS that is located outside the passenger compartment for
electric safety assessment shall enter the passenger compartment during or
after the impact test.
<Purpose>
to prevent persons from getting hurt by REESS.
R100 Part Ⅱ
The Structural Feature of the Regulation
 Technical Requirements
Part Ⅰ : Vehicle requirements regarding the electrical safety
(= the requirements of R100-01)
Part Ⅱ : Safety requirements for REESS
(= the requirements added in R100-02)
 Approval Provisions
Part 1 : Vehicle type approval including REESS
Part 2 : REESS type approval
R100 Part Ⅱ
The Selection of Test Method (Vehicle / Component)
At the manufacturer's choice the test may be performed as
(a) Vehicle based tests
or
(b) Component based tests
<Background>
 Vehicle manufacturers can secure the REESS safety
by whole vehicle(the control system, vehicle body structure).
 It is difficult for some of REESS suppliers
to test the REESS system as a part of vehicle.
R100 Part Ⅱ
Nissan LEAF Battery Layout & Structure
Chassis
Battery
Pack
Battery management system
Junction box
include
Service disconnect SW
Module
48 modules / Vehicle
Cell
192 cells / Vehicle
4 cells / Module
R100 Part Ⅱ
Battery Management System(BMS)




SOC
SOH
Operational Limit
Diagnosis
R100 Part Ⅱ Technical Requirements
1. Vibration(Component Based Test)
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
to verify the safety performance of the REESS under a vibration environment during the
normal operation of the vehicle.
Thermal Shock and Thermal Cycling(Component Based Test)
to verify the resistance of the REESS to sudden changes in temperature.
Mechanical Shock(Vehicle Based Test(R12, R94, R95) or Component Based Test)
to verify the safety performance of the REESS during a vehicle crash.
Mechanical Integrity(Vehicle Based Test(R12, R94, R95) or Component Based Test)
to verify the safety performance of the REESS during vehicle crash situation.
Fire Resistance(Vehicle Based Test or Component Based Test)
to verify the resistance of the REESS, against exposure to fire from outside of the vehicle.
External Short Circuit Protection(Component Based Test)
to verify the performance of the short circuit protection.
Overcharge Protection(Component Based Test)
to verify the performance of the overcharge protection.
Over-discharge Protection(Component Based Test)
to verify the performance of the over-discharge protection.
Over-temperature Protection(Component Based Test)
to verify the performance of the protection measures of the REESS against internal
overheating during the operation
Emission(No need for Lithium ion battery)
Vehicle Inspection
Announcement that Prescribes Details of Safety Regulations
for Road Vehicles, Article 177
 Solid insulators, barriers, enclosures, etc. which are mounted on energized
components in order to protect against contact of the human body with the
energized components of the power train shall exhibit no looseness or damage
liable to hamper their functions.
 The barrier and enclosure protecting the energized components of the power
train shall be marked in accordance with the example given in the technical
requirements of Agreement Regulation No. 100.
 The cables of the energized components of the power train used in the highvoltage buses (except cables for high voltage buses which are located within
enclosures) shall be identified from other electric cables by having an outer
covering with the colour orange.
Vehicle Inspection
Announcement that Prescribes Details of Safety Regulations
for Road Vehicles, Article 177
 Solid insulators, barriers, enclosures, etc. which are mounted on energized
components in order to protect against contact of the human body with the
Visual
Inspection
energized components of
the power
train shall exhibit no looseness or damage
liable to hamper their functions.
 The barrier and enclosure protecting the energized components of the power
train shall be marked in Visual
accordance
with the example given in the technical
Inspection
requirements of Agreement Regulation No. 100.
 The cables of the energized components of the power train used in the highvoltage buses (except cables
high voltage buses which are located within
VisualforInspection
enclosures) shall be identified from other electric cables by having an outer
covering with the colour orange.
Vehicle Inspection
Announcement that Prescribes Details of Safety Regulations
for Road Vehicles, Article 177
 The insulation resistance between the energized components and the electrical
chassis shall be monitored. In the case of motor vehicles equipped with a function
whereby a warning is given to the driver before the insulation resistance drops
below 100 ohms per volt of the operating voltage, the said function shall function
normally and the said device shall be in a condition that no warning is given.
 As regards energized components, the fuses, circuit breakers, etc. which shut off
the electrical circuit, which are provided to prevent fire due to excessive current at
the time of failure of short circuit in the electrical circuit between the battery for
motor and the equipment connected to the said battery, shall exhibit no looseness
or damage liable to hamper their functions.
 The connection with electrical wire or ground cable, welding and tightening
condition of bolts, etc., which are used to connect the exposed electroconductive
components, such as the electroconductive barrier and enclosure, to the electrical
chassis in electrical DC for the purpose of protection against electrical shock which
could arise from contact of the human body with the electroconductive barrier,
enclosure, etc., shall exhibit no looseness or damage liable to hamper their
functions.
Vehicle Inspection
Announcement that Prescribes Details of Safety Regulations
for Road Vehicles, Article 177
 The insulation resistance between the energized components and the electrical
chassis shall be monitored. In the case of motor vehicles equipped with a function
Visual
Inspection
whereby a warning is given
to the
driver before the insulation resistance drops
below 100 ohms per volt of the operating voltage, the said function shall function
normally and the said device shall be in a condition that no warning is given.
 As regards energized components, the fuses, circuit breakers, etc. which shut off
the electrical circuit, which are provided to prevent fire due to excessive current at
the time of failure of short
circuitInspection
in the electrical circuit between the battery for
Visual
motor and the equipment connected to the said battery, shall exhibit no looseness
or damage liable to hamper their functions.
 The connection with electrical wire or ground cable, welding and tightening
condition of bolts, etc., which are used to connect the exposed electroconductive
components, such as the electroconductive barrier and enclosure, to the electrical
Inspection
chassis in electrical DC Visual
for the purpose
of protection against electrical shock which
could arise from contact of the human body with the electroconductive barrier,
enclosure, etc., shall exhibit no looseness or damage liable to hamper their
functions.
Vehicle Inspection
Announcement that Prescribes Details of Safety Regulations
for Road Vehicles, Article 177
 The protection of energized components of the charging system coupling system
shall exhibit no looseness or damage liable to hamper their functions.
 The device provided for connection with the grounded external power supply shall
be capable of connecting the electrical chassis to the ground in electrical DC.
 A device shall be mounted for indicating to the driver that the shift position of the
transmission has been changed with the motor vehicle in a stationary state and the
motor vehicle is ready for running through the operation of the accelerator and
release of the brake system or that the motor vehicle is ready for running through
the operation of the accelerator and release of the brake system without changing
the shift position of the transmission.
 Batteries for motor shall be installed securely so that they may not move or be
damaged due to vibrations, etc. of the motor vehicle.
Vehicle Inspection
Announcement that Prescribes Details of Safety Regulations
for Road Vehicles, Article 177
 The protection of energized components of the charging system coupling system
Visual
Inspection
shall exhibit no looseness
or damage
liable to hamper their functions.
 The device provided for connection with the grounded external power supply shall
Tester
Checkchassis to the ground in electrical DC.
be capable of connecting
the electrical
 A device shall be mounted for indicating to the driver that the shift position of the
transmission has been changed with the motor vehicle in a stationary state and the
motor vehicle is ready for running through the operation of the accelerator and
Visual
Inspection
release of the brake system
or that
the motor vehicle is ready for running through
the operation of the accelerator and release of the brake system without changing
the shift position of the transmission.
 Batteries for motor shall be installed securely so that they may not move or be
Visual
Inspection
damaged due to vibrations,
etc. of
the motor vehicle.
Rescue Manual
Layout of High Voltage Components
Rescue Manual
 How to shut off the high voltage system
 Important points when touching the high voltage components
Rescue Manual
Emergency Response Step
Rescue Manual
Safety Tools
Rescue Manual
Inspection of Safety Tools
Thank you for your patience!
UN-R100 UN-R94, 95
(ELECTRIC POWER TRAIN)
Test Procedure
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
Takashi Sawamura
August 6, 2014
1
Outline
1. Introduction
2. How to Test ?
-R100
PartⅠ
PartⅡ
-R94, R95
3. Summary
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
2
Introduction

There is an increasing number of hybrid and
electric vehicles in the world, and the trend will
continue to grow.
HV
EV
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
3
Introduction

Drivers and passengers are at risk of touching
high voltage device in vehicles.
Regulation
R100
－
R94
Frontal 56km/h
(offset)
R95
Test condition
Normal use
After Crash
Side 50km/h
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
4
How to Test?
R100
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
5
Scope
Part Ⅰ






Electric power train of road vehicles
M and N category
(Category M - Power-driven vehicles having at least four wheels and
used for the carriage of passengers, )
(Category N - Power-driven vehicles having at least four wheels and
used for the carriage of goods )
Maximum design speed exceeding 25 km/h
Equipped with one or more traction motor(s) operated by electric power
Not permanently connected to the grid, as well as their high voltage
components
Systems which are galvanically connected to the high voltage bus of the
electric power train.
Part Ⅱ

The Rechargeable Energy Storage System (REESS), of road
vehicles of categories M and N
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
6
Same Vehicle?
Test
vehicle
Compare hybrid system
Power control unit
Application
document
Motor
Battery
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
7
Requirements
5.1.Protection against electrical shock (Part I)
5.2.Rechargeable Energy Storage System (Part II)
(REESS)
5.3. Functional safety
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
8
How to Check?
5.1. Protection against electrical shock (PartⅠ)
5.1.1 Direct contact
5.1.2 Indirect contact
5.1.3 Isolation resistance
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
9
5.1.1 Protection against direct contact
Inside or luggage
IPXXD
Live parts
No contact
allowed
IPXXB
Outside
(Bonnet etc.)
Warning label required
outer covering (Cables for high voltage)
with the colour orange.
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
10
For Safety Test
Rubber glove
Protective
equipments
IPXXB (Finger model)
IPXXD (Wire model)
SIDE
TOP
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
11
Protection against direct contact
5.1.1.1.
For protection of live parts
inside the passenger compartment or luggage compartment,
the protection degree IPXXD shall be provided.
Remove the parts
without tools
IPXXD
passenger
compartment
Luggage
compartment
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
12
Protection against direct contact
5.1.1.2.
For protection of live parts
in areas other than the passenger compartment or luggage compartment,
the protection degree IPXXB shall be satisfied.
IPXXB
Bonnet parts
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
13
Protection against direct contact
5.1.1.3. Connectors
(a) They comply with 5.1.1.1. and 5.1.1.2. when separated without
the use of tools, or
(b) They are located underneath the floor and are provided with a
locking mechanism, or
(c) They are provided with a locking mechanism and other
components shall be removed with the use of tools in order to
separate the connector, or
(d) The voltage of the live parts becomes equal or below DC 60V or
equal or below AC 30V (rms) within one second after the
connector is separated.
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
14
Protection against direct contact
5.1.1.4. Service disconnect
For a service disconnect which can be opened, disassembled or removed
without tools, it is acceptable if protection degree IPXXB is satisfied under
a condition where it is opened, disassembled or removed without tools.
Can you remove it without tools?
Yes
Service
disconnect
cover
No
Service plug
Yes
Requirement
IPXXB
No
No Requirement
Disconnect
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
15
Protection against direct contact
5.1.1.5.Marking
5.1.1.5.1.
The symbol shown right figure shall appear on or near the RESS.
The symbol background shall be yellow, the bordering and the arrow
shall be black.
5.1.1.5.2.
The symbol shall also be visible on enclosures and barriers, which,
when removed expose live parts of high voltage circuits. This provision is
optional to any connector for high voltage buses. This provision shall not apply
to any of the following cases:
Battery
Disconnect
Bonnet parts
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
16
Protection against direct contact
5.1.1.5.3.
Cables for high voltage buses which are not located within enclosures
shall be identified by having an outer covering with the color orange.
Bonnet parts
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
17
How To Check?
5.1. Protection against electrical shock (Part Ⅰ)
5.1.1 Direct contact
5.1.2 Indirect contact
5.1.3 Isolation resistance
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
18
5.1.2 Protection against indirect contact
Exposed conductive parts
（Conductive cover）
Resistance must be
lower than 0.1 ohms
Electrical Chassis
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
19
Protection against indirect contact
5.1.2.1.
For protection against electrical shock which could arise from indirect contact, the
exposed conductive parts, such as the conductive barrier and enclosure, shall be
galvanically connected securely to the electrical chassis by connection with
electrical wire or ground cable, or by welding, or by connection using bolts, etc.
so that no dangerous potentials are produced.
How is it connected?
Electrical wire
Ground cable
Using bolts
Welding
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
20
Protection against indirect contact
5.1.2.2.
The resistance between all exposed conductive parts and the electrical chassis
shall be lower than 0.1 ohm when there is current flow of at least 0.2 amperes.
This requirement is satisfied if the galvanic connection has been established by welding.
Measurement example
Milliohm tester
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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How to Check?
5.1. Protection against electrical shock (Part Ⅰ)
5.1.1 Direct contact
5.1.2 Indirect contact
5.1.3 Isolation resistance
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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5.1.3 Measurement of isolation resistance
Measurement with mega-ohm tester,
or according to below method
First step
( in the case of |V1|≧|V2| )
Second step
Isonlation resistance is
 1
1

Ri = 
−  × R0 × Vb
 V '1 V1 
Working voltage of 500 ohms/volt
or more required
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
23
Isolation resistance
5.1.3.
Isolation resistance
Processed wiring
ADCMT 7352A
Multi-tester
Fluke 87V
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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Requirements
5.1.Protection against electrical shock (Part Ⅰ)
5.2.Rechargeable Energy Storage System （Part II）
(REESS)
5.3. Functional safety
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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5.2.Rechargeable Energy Storage System （Part II）
(REESS)
-Vibration
-Thermal shock and cycling
-Mechanical Shock
-Mechanical Integrity
-Fire resistance
-External short circuit protection
-Overcharge protection
-Over-discharge protection
-Over-temperature protection
-Emision (Not applicable lithium-ion battery) ←Omit explanation
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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6.2.Vibration test
Test condition
Ambient temperature: 20±10℃
SOC: upper 50%
・Sinusoidal waveform
・Logarithmic sweep between 7 Hz
and 50 Hz in 15 minutes.
・Repeat 12 times for a total of 3 hours
・Vertical direction of the mounting
orientation of the REESS
Acceptance criteria
・No electrolyte leakage
・No fire
Acc 【m/s^2】
Test procedure
10
2
7
18
30 50
Frequency【Hz】
The correlation
between frequency and acceleration
・No rupture
・No explosion
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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6.3. Thermal shock and cycling
Test condition
Test procedure
・60 ± 2℃ （At least six hours）
・60 ℃ ⇒ - 40℃ (Within 30 min)
・- 40± 2℃ （At least six hours）
・- 40 ⇒ 60 ℃ (Within 30 min)
Temperature【℃】
SOC: upper 50%
60
40
20
0
-20 0
20
40
60
80
-40
・ Repeat above 5 times
-60
・Then keep 20±10℃ 24 hours
Acceptance criteria
・No electrolyte leakage
・No fire
80
Time【hour】
・No rupture
・No explosion
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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6.4.1. Mechanical Shock
Choice for test
(a) Vehicle based test
(b) Component based test
(c) Any combination of (a) and (b) above
Manufacturer's choice for test
The approval of a REESS tested under (a) shall be limited to the specific
vehicle type.
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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6.4.1. Mechanical Shock
(a) Vehicle based test
Test condition
The ambient temperature and the SOC shall be in accordance with the said Regulations.
Test procedure
Frontal impact: Regulation No. 12 or No. 94
Side impact.: Regulation No. 95
Acceptance criteria
・ No fire ・ No explosion
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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6.4.1. Mechanical Shock
(b) Component based test
Test condition
Ambient temperature: 20±10℃
SOC: upper 50%
Test procedure
The tested-device shall be decelerated or accelerated in compliance with the
acceleration corridors which are specified in next page
Acceptance criteria
・No electrolyte leakage
・ No fire
・ No explosion
・The tested-device shall be retained by its mounting and its components shall
remain inside its boundaries.
・The isolation resistance shall ensure at least 100 Ω/Volt or the
protection degree IPXXB shall be fulfilled for the tested-device.
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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Longitudinal
Transverse
M1, N1 車両進行方向
M1, N1 車両横方向
25
Acc
【G】
Acceleration [g]
M1 and N1
Acc
【G】
Acceleration [g]
30
20
15
10
5
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
140
20
Time [ms]
40
140
100
120
140
100
120
140
12
Acc
【G】
Acceleration [g]
Acc
【G】
Acceleration [g]
120
M2, N2 車両横方向
20
15
10
5
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0
140
20
40
60
80
Time [ms]
Time【msec】
Time【msec】
Time [ms]
M3, N3 車両進行方向
M3, N3 車両横方向
14
12
12
10
Acc
【G】
Acceleration [g]
Acc
【G】
Acceleration [g]
100
Time【msec】
M2, N2 車両進行方向
M3 and N3
80
Time [ms]
Time【msec】
M2 and N2
60
10
8
6
4
2
0
8
6
4
2
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Time【msec】
Time [ms]
0
20
40
60
80
Time [ms]
Time【msec】
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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6.4.2. Mechanical integrity
Choice for test
(a) Vehicle based test
(b) Component based test
Manufacturer's choice for test
(a) Vehicle based test
Choice for test
-a Dynamic test
-b Specific component test
-c Any combination of (a) and (b) above
The approval of a REESS tested under (a) Vehicle based test
shall be limited to the specific vehicle type.
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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6.4.2. Mechanical integrity
(a)-a Dynamic test
Test condition
The ambient temperature and the SOC shall be in accordance with the said Regulations.
Test procedure
Frontal impact: Regulation No. 12 or No. 94
Side impact.: Regulation No. 95
Acceptance criteria
・ No fire ・ No explosion
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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6.4.2. Mechanical integrity
(a)-b Specific component test
Test condition
Ambient temperature: 20±10℃
SOC: upper 50%
Test procedure
Load ：The data obtained from either actual tests or simulation
onset time less than 3 (min) and a hold time
of at least 100 (ms) but not exceeding 10 s.,
Acceptance criteria
・ No fire ・ No explosion
・No electrolyte spillage from the REESS ( Passenger compartment)
・No more than 7% by volume of the REESS electrolyte capacity shall spill from the REESS
・For open type traction batteries a limitation to a maximum of 5L also applies
・The REESS（located inside）shall remain in the installed location,
and the REESS（located outside）shall not enter the passenger compartment
during or after the impact test procedures.
・The isolation resistance shall ensure at least 100 Ω/Volt or the protection degree
IPXXB shall be fulfilled for the tested-device.
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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6.4.2. Mechanical integrity
(b) Component based test
Test condition
Ambient temperature: 20±10℃
SOC: upper 50%
Test procedure
Load ：100 kN～105 kN,
onset time less than 3 (min) and a hold time
of at least 100 (ms) but not exceeding 10 s.,
Acceptance criteria
・ No fire ・ No explosion
・No electrolyte spillage from the REESS ( Passenger compartment)
・No more than 7% by volume of the REESS electrolyte capacity shall spill
from the REESS
・The REESS shall remain in the installed location,
・The isolation resistance shall ensure at least 100 Ω/Volt or the protection
degree IPXXB shall be fulfilled for the tested-device.
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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6.5. Fire resistance
Choice for test
(a) Vehicle based test
(b) Component based test
Test condition
Ambient temperature: at least 0℃
SOC: upper 50%
Not applicable
・REESS not containing flammable electrolyte.
・Lowest surface of the casing of the REESS is more than 1.5m
above the ground
The approval of a REESS tested under (a) shall be limited to the specific
vehicle type.
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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Test procedure
Phase A:
Pre-heating 【60 sec】
Screen
Device under test
Phase B:
Direct exposure to flame【70 sec】
Fuel pan with
Burning fuel
Phase C:
Indirect exposure to flame【60 sec】
Phase D:
End of test
Acceptance criteria
・No explosion
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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6.6. External short circuit protection
Test condition
Ambient temperature: 20±10℃
SOC: upper 50%
Test procedure
not exceeding
5mΩ
・ All relevant main contactors for charging and discharging shall be closed
+
・ If this cannot be completed in a single test, then two or more tests shall be conducted.
・The connection used for produce a short circuit shall have a resistance not exceeding 5 milliohms
.
A short circuit state is held until it can check the following.
○ until the operation of the REESS‘s protection function to interrupt or limit the short circuit
current is confirmed
○ the temperature gradient varies by a less than 4℃ through 1hour.（casing of the tested-device ）
REESS
-
・Directly after the termination of the short circuit a standard cycle shall be conducted,
if not inhibited by the tested-device.
The test shall end with an observation period of 1 h at the ambient temperature conditions of the test environment.
Acceptance criteria
・No rupture
・No electrolyte leakage
・No explosion
・No fire
・The isolation resistance shall ensure at least 100 Ω/Volt
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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6.7. Overcharge protection
Test condition
Ambient temperature: 20±10℃
Test procedure
all relevant main contactors for charging shall be closed.
The charge control limits of the test equipment shall be disabled.
+
At least 1/3×C
The tested-device shall be charged with a charge current of at least 1/3C rate
REESS
The charging shall be continued until the tested-device (automatically) interrupts
or limits the charging. If there is no such function the charging shall be continued
until the tested-device is charged to twice of its rated charge capacity.
Directly after the termination of charging a standard cycle as described in Annex 8, Appendix 1 shall be conducted,
Discharge rate: The discharge procedure including termination criteria shall be defined by the manufacturer. If not specified,
then it shall be a discharge with 1C current.
Standard charge: The charge procedure including termination criteria shall be defined by the manufacturer.
If not specified, then it shall be a charge with C/3 current.
-
Acceptance criteria
・No rupture
・No electrolyte leakage
・No explosion
・No fire
・The isolation resistance shall ensure at least 100 Ω/Volt
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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6.8. Over-discharge protection
Test condition
Ambient temperature: 20±10℃
Test procedure
At least 1/3×C
all relevant main contactors for charging shall be closed.
+
The tested-device shall be charged with a charge current of at least 1/3C rate
The discharging shall be continued until the tested-device (automatically) interrupts or
limits the discharging. Where an automatic interrupt function fails to operate, or if there
is no such function then the discharging shall be continued until the tested-device is
discharged to 25 per cent of its nominal voltage level.
REESS
-
Directly after the termination of charging a standard cycle as described in Annex 8, Appendix 1 shall be conducted,
Discharge rate: The discharge procedure including termination criteria shall be defined by the manufacturer. If not
specified, then it shall be a discharge with 1C current.
Standard charge: The charge procedure including termination criteria shall be defined by the manufacturer.
If not specified, then it shall be a charge with C/3 current.
Acceptance criteria
・No rupture
・No electrolyte leakage
・No explosion
・No fire
・The isolation resistance shall ensure at least 100 Ω/Volt
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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6.9. Over-temperature protection
Test condition
Cooling function system of REESS shall be deactivated for the test.
(REESS will remain functional without a cooling function system)
Test procedure
・Temperature shall be continuously measured inside the casing near the cell.
・The onboard sensor if existing may be used
・Repeat charge and discharge at a steady current, so that temperature inside the
REESS will rise within the range specified by the manufacturer.
・Temperature is gradually raised until it reaches the following temperature.
REESS is equipped with protective measures against internal overheating,
Yes → operational temperature threshold
No → maximum operational temperature specified by the manufacturer.
The end of test: The test will end when one of the followings is observed:
(a) The tested-device inhibits and/or limits the charge and/or discharge to prevent the
temperature increase;
(b) The temperature of the tested-device is stabilized, which means that the
temperature varies by a gradient of less than 4 deg. C through 2 hours;
(c) Acceptance criteria prescribed in paragraph 6.9.2.1. of the Regulation are not satisfied.
+
REESS
+
REESS
-
Acceptance criteria
・No rupture
・No electrolyte leakage
・No explosion
・No fire
・The isolation resistance shall ensure at least 100 Ω/Volt
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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Requirements
5.1.Protection against electrical shock (Part Ⅰ)
5.2.Rechargeable Energy Storage System （Part Ⅱ）
(REESS)
5.3. Functional safety
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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5.3.Functional safety
At least a momentary indication shall be given to the driver
when the vehicle is in "active driving possible mode".
When leaving the vehicle, the driver shall be informed by a signal
(e.g. optical or audible signal) if the vehicle is still in the active
driving possible mode.
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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How to Test?
R94, R95
For the protection of the occupants of vehicles
operating on electrical power high voltage
and electrolyte leakage
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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Scope
Regulation
R94
Frontal 56km/h
(offset)
R95
Side 50km/h
category
M1 (GVW≦2,500 kg)
M1,N1
( R point ≦700mm)
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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Requirements
For example R95
5.3.7.1 Protection against electrical shock
5.3.7.2 Electrolyte leakage
5.3.7.3 REESS retention
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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5.3.7.1 Protection against electrical shock
・Absence of high voltage
・Low electrical energy
・Physical protection
・Isolation resistance
At least one of the four criteria shall be met.
Apply to each divided circuit individually
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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Absence of high voltage
REESS assembly
Electrical Chassis
High voltage exists
Less than DC60V or AC30V
Vb ,V1,V2 are measured after a collision by 60 seconds from 5 seconds
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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Test result
Voltage【V】
V1
V2
Vb
Time【msec】
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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・Low electrical energy
V2
th
(a) TE = ∫ Vb × I e dt
tc
S1
less than 2J
Vb
X-capacitors
Ie
V1
(b) TE = 12 × C
Y-capacitors
(c)
Electrical Chassis
x
(d)
(
×10 −6 × Vb − 3600
2
)
less than 2J
(
(
)
1
2
TE y1 = × C y1 ×10 −6 × V1 − 3600
2
1
2
TE y 2 = × C y 2 ×10 −6 × V2 − 3600
2
)
less than 2J
Cx, Cy1, Cy2：specified by the manufacturer
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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・Physical protection
Protection against direct contact
Both Inside
and outside
Live parts
Proteciton against indirect contact
Exposed conductive
parts
（Conductive cover）
IPXXB
Resistance must be
lower than 0.1
ohms
Electrical Chassis
Removing all parts that can be removed
without tools after the test
・ If the vehicle is rolled over by the side collision, IPXXB is
confirmed in that state. We check IPXXB again after returning
the vehicle right side up.
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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・Isolation resistance
Electrical power train consisting of separate DC- or AC-buses:
→Minimum value of 100Ω/V (DC buses), 500 Ω/V (AC buses) of the
working voltage.
Electrical power train consisting of combined DC- and AC-buses
→Minimum value of 500 Ω/V of the working voltage.
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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5.3.7.2 Electrolyte leakage
During 30 minutes after impact test
Passenger compartment
Inside： No Electrolyte leakage
Outside ：No more than 7% of electrolyte spillage
(except open type)
In addition to the above and with a maximum of
5.0L (open type REESS)
5.3.7.3 REESS retention
Located inside：remain in the location in which they are installed
Located outside：No part of any REESS shall enter the passenger
compartment during or after the impact test.
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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Summary
We explained how tests
for R100, R94 and R95 are conducted.
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
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Thank you for your attention
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
56
UN No.85
MEASUREMENT OF
ENGINE POWER
Aug.6.2014
JASIC
Yamanaka
1
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
Both vehicle models has been approved by UN regulations
as show below.
i-MiEV
OUTLANDER plug-in hybrid EV
Front motor
Rear motor
2
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
Contents
1. What’s UN No.85 ?
2. Explanation of the test equipment.
3. Explanation of the
certification test method.
3
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
1. What’s UN No.85 ?
UN No.85 outline
Uniform provisions concerning the approval of internal combustion
engines or electric drive trains intended for the propulsion of motor
vehicles of categories M and N with regard to the measurement of net
power and the maximum 30 minutes power of electric drive trains.
As positioning of an organization,
It belongs in “The Working Party on Pollution and Energy” of WP29.
WP29 : World forum for harmonization of vehicle regulations.
It belongs to UN/ECE and affiliated with the committee
and the 6 working parties.
It carries out a discussion and voting of a proposed standard
which was studied technically by the working party.
4
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
1. What’s UN No.85 ?
United Nations (UN)
U.N. Economic Commission for Europe
WP29
World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations.
GRSG
GRSP
*GRPE : The Working Party on Pollution and Energy
GRPE*
GRRF
GRB
GRE
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF NET POWER
5
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
1. What’s UN No.85 ?
About Mutual recognition
If the test of UN No.85 is certified by a country adopting the regulations,
additional certification by the other countries, joining the agreement
and applying the same regulations, is not necessary.
Individual
Recognition
Mutual
Recognition
Vehicle Manufactures
and Vehicle Parts maker
Vehicle Manufactures
and Vehicle Parts maker
Certification by
the government C
Certification by
the government A
Certification by
the government A
Certification by
the government B
market A
market B
market C
market A
market B
market C
6
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
1. What’s UN No.85 ?
The countries which have adopted UN No.85
Germany, France, Italy, Netherlands, Sweden, Belgium, Hungary,
Czech Republic, Spain, Serbia, United Kingdom, Austria, Luxembourg,
Switzerland, Norway, Finland, Denmark, Romania, Poland, Portugal,
Russian Federation, Greece, Ireland, Croatia, Slovenia, Slovakia,
Belarus, Estonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Latvia, Bulgaria,
Lithuania, Turkey, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, ・・・
7
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
1. What’s UN No.85 ?
Contents of UN No.85
1. Scope
2. Definitions
3. Application for approval
4. Approval
5. Specifications and tests
6. Conformity of production
7. Penalties for non-conformity
8. Modification and extension of approval of the drive train type
9. Production definitely discontinued
10. Names and addresses of technical services responsible for
conducting tests, and of administrative departments
8
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
1. What’s UN No.85 ?
Contents of UN No.85
ANNEXES
Annex 1 - Essential characteristics of the internal combustion engine and
information concerning the conduct of tests
Annex 2 - Essential characteristics of the electric drive train and information
concerning the conduct of tests
Annex 3 - Communication concerning the approval or extension or refusal or
withdrawal of approval or production definitely discontinued
of a drive train type pursuant to Regulation No. 85
Annex 4 - Arrangements of approval marks
Annex 5 - Method for measuring internal combustion engine net power
Annex 6 - Method for measuring net power and the maximum 30 minutes
power of electric drive trains
Annex 7 - Checks on conformity of production
9
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
1. What’s UN No.85 ?
Today's candidate for explanation
This regulation is described about the power test of a internal combustion
engine and an electric motor.
Today, we focus on the electric motor, I will explain about how to test and
overview of the test.
Internal combustion engine
Electric motor
10
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
2. Explanation of test equipment.
Electric motor test bench
Dynamo
Torque,
Speed
meter
Testing
Motor
11
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
2. Explanation of test equipment.
The connection of the component.
Test bench
system
DC
Power source
(Input Voltage)
Wiring
Cooling system : Water
Water Pump
Voltage meter
Water hose
Dynamo
Torque/
Speed
meter
Testing
Motor
Motor
controller
Radiator
Torque request
Dynamo
control
unit
Dynamo control PC
and
Data acquisition PC
Speed request
Motor control
PC
(Commercially available
software )
12
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
2. Explanation of test equipment.
Problem of the cooling system
In the bench test, the construction will be as shown when the motor is cooled
by a radiator..
However, in an actual vehicle , other components are also set in the same line.
heat up
motor
controller-A
Radiator
Water
pump
motor-A
motor
controller-B
motor-B
another
component
Coolant
water line
Bench cooling
system system
Actual vehicle cooling
system(example)
13
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
2. Explanation of test equipment.
The connection of the component.
Test bench
system
DC
Power source
(Input Voltage)
Wiring
Cooling system : Oil
Voltage meter
Oil Pump
Oil hose
Water tub
Dynamo
Torque/
Speed
meter
Testing
Motor
Motor
controller
Oil cooler
Torque request
Dynamo
control
unit
Dynamo control PC
and
Data acquisition PC
Speed request
Motor control
PC
(Commercially available
software )
14
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
2. Explanation of test equipment.
About cooling system.
The oil cooling system of the test bench vs the actual vehicle.
Oil temp characteristics when a
programed cycle test is carried out
on the test bench.
Example of “cycle test”.
JC-08, UN No.84, NEDC, etc.
Measurement of Fuel Consumption
Oil temp characteristics when the cycle test
is carried out by the actual vehicle.
15
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
2. Explanation of test equipment.
About Auxiliaries
Auxiliaries to be fitted
The auxiliaries necessary for the drive train operation in the intend application
shall be installed in the same position as in the vehicle.
Auxiliaries to be removed
Air compressor for brakes, Power steering compressor, Suspension system,
Air conditioner system, etc.
Where accessories cannot be removed, the power they absorb in
the unloaded condition may be determined and added to the measured power.
16
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
2. Explanation of test equipment.
The document which should be prepared
By preparing these kind of documents in advance,
the certification test will proceed smoothly.
1
Test motor and controller
2
Auxiliaries (cooling system)
3
Measuring equipment
Model type, ID no. , Serial no.
etc.
Model type, ID no. ,Serial no.
Manufacturer, Inspection date,
Expiration date etc.
17
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
2. Explanation of test equipment.
The document which should be prepared
We have submitted a information concerning the conduct of
tests to the certifying officer.
Annex2 and Annex3
Annex 2
Essential characteristics of the electric drive train and information
concerning the conduct of tests
1. General
1.1. Make: .........................
1.2.Type: ...........................
1.5 Test Voltage: ………….
----2. Motor
2.1. Working principle
2.1.1. Direct current (DC)/alternative current (AC)1 number of phases: ………
2.1.5. Number of poles of the motor: .............
----3. Motor controller
4. Cooling system
18
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
2. Explanation of test equipment.
Accuracy of measurements
DC Voltage source : Maximum voltage drop is 5%.
periods of less than 10sec, excluded.
Torque : +/-1% of measurement torque.
The accuracy in the lower half of the measuring
range of the dynamometer bench may be +/-2%
of measured torque.
Motor speed ： 0.5% of measured speed.
Motor inlet air temp. : +/-2K
19
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
The certification test in a UN No.85 regulation require
only the NET power test to a internal combustion engine.
However, the test of an electric motor require the following two data.
1. Determination of the NET power.
2. Determination of the maximum 30minutes power.
20
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Outline of the determination of the NET power
1. Measure the maximum power of a full motor load.
This test shall consist of a run at full setting of the power controller.
2. Measurements shall be taken with a sufficient number of motor speed points to define the power curve correctly
between zero and the highest motor speed.
3. Whole test shall be completed within 5minutes.
4. The application value of the power should not have a difference over +/‐2% to a measurement value. 5. Just before beginning the test, the motor shall be run on the bench
for three minutes delivering a power equal to 80% of the maximum power at the speed recommended by the manufacture.
21
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Warm up of a motor before the NET power test
Just before NET measurement, it needs to be warmed up will 80%
of the maximum output for 3 minutes.
This output characteristic is the PMSM
permanent magnet synchronous motor. Maximum power
80% of the
max, power
Motor Speed
Input Voltage
Shaft Power = 80%of max, power
Measurable power
and speed range
Shaft Torque
3min.
22
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Data of 3minutes warm-up
3 minutes
23
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Determination of the NET power
The item of the data which should be measured.
The shaft power value is calculated in the following formula.
P
2∗ ∗ ∗
60 ∗ 1000
P : Shaft power [kW]
N : Motor revolution speed[min-1 (rpm)]
T : Torque[Nm]
π : Circle ratio (The ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter)
Therefore, motor speed and torque are measured.
And voltage is also measured in order to prove that
the value has not changed.
24
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Determination of the NET power
In order to record the voltage and the rotational speed and the torque,
we will prepare tables and graphs like this when measuring the NET.
2．Examination table
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Torque
Shaft Power
Input Voltage
Nm
200.5
200.2
200.1
200.0
199.6
199.5
191.6
176.8
164.5
144.0
128.4
115.3
96.3
82.3
71.4
63.8
61.9
36.5
1.0
kW
2.1
10.5
20.9
41.9
52.3
57.5
60.2
60.2
60.3
60.3
60.5
60.4
60.5
60.3
59.8
60.1
60.0
36.4
1.0
Ｖ(DC)
300.2
300.2
300.1
300.2
300.2
300.1
300.1
300.2
300.2
300.1
300.1
300.2
300.1
300.1
300.1
300.1
300.1
300.2
300.2
80
240
Shaft Power
Shaft Power (kW)
No.
Revolution
Speed
min - 1
100.1
500.1
999.7
1999.9
2500.1
2750.0
3000.0
3250.2
3500.1
3999.9
4499.7
5000.4
6000.2
6999.9
8000.1
9000.0
9250.1
9500.2
9750.4
Torque
70
210
60
180
50
150
40
120
30
90
20
60
10
30
0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
Torque (Nm)
Motor controller
Electric motor
Ｔarget
Speed
min - 1
100
500
1000
2000
2500
2750
3000
3250
3500
4000
4500
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
9250
9500
9750
0
9000 10000
Revolution Speed (min-1)
25
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Determination of the target speed for NET power test
2. Measurements shall be taken with a sufficient number of
motor speed points to define a power curve correctly
between zero and the highest motor speed.
→ A sufficient number of target motor speed needs to be decided.
2．Examination table
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Motor controller
Torque
Shaft Power
Input Voltage
Nm
200.5
200.2
200.1
200.0
199.6
199.5
191.6
176.8
164.5
144.0
128.4
115.3
96.3
82.3
71.4
63.8
61.9
36.5
1.0
kW
2.1
10.5
20.9
41.9
52.3
57.5
60.2
60.2
60.3
60.3
60.5
60.4
60.5
60.3
59.8
60.1
60.0
36.4
1.0
Ｖ(DC)
300.2
300.2
300.1
300.2
300.2
300.1
300.1
300.2
300.2
300.1
300.1
300.2
300.1
300.1
300.1
300.1
300.1
300.2
300.2
240
80
Shaft Power
70
Shaft Power (kW)
No.
Revolution
Speed
min - 1
100.1
500.1
999.7
1999.9
2500.1
2750.0
3000.0
3250.2
3500.1
3999.9
4499.7
5000.4
6000.2
6999.9
8000.1
9000.0
9250.1
9500.2
9750.4
Torque
210
60
180
50
150
40
120
30
90
20
60
This power characteristic is the PM synchronous motor. 10
0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
30
0
9000 10000
Revolution Speed (min-1)
Note : Above data is an example .
26
Torque (Nm)
Electric motor
Ｔarget
Speed
min - 1
100
500
1000
2000
2500
2750
3000
3250
3500
4000
4500
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
9250
9500
9750
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Determination of the NET power
Actual speed and the maximum torque are measured at each target speed.
Then a shaft power is calculated by multiplying the speed and the torque .
2．Examination table
Electric motor
Motor controller
120
330
Torque
Shaft Power
Input Voltage
110
Nm
300.3
300.2
300.1
300.1
300.1
299.0
278.3
255.7
219.1
191.7
170.8
153.5
128.1
109.5
95.3
85.0
51.6
26.5
1.0
kW
3.1
15.7
31.4
47.1
62.8
78.3
80.1
80.3
80.3
80.3
80.5
80.4
80.5
80.3
79.8
80.1
50.0
26.4
1.0
Ｖ(DC)
250.1
250.0
250.1
250.2
250.2
250.3
250.1
250.1
250.2
250.1
250.1
250.2
250.1
250.1
250.2
250.1
250.1
250.2
250.3
100
300
90
270
80
240
70
210
60
180
50
150
40
120
30
90
20
60
10
30
Note : Above data is an example .
Shaft Power
Torque
Torque (Nm)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Revolution
Speed
min - 1
100.1
500.1
999.7
1500.1
1999.9
2500.1
2750.0
3000.0
3500.1
3999.9
4499.7
5000.4
6000.2
6999.9
8000.1
9000.0
9250.1
9500.2
9750.4
Shaft power (kW)
No.
Ｔarget
Speed
min - 1
100
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
9250
9500
9750
0
0
0
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000
Revolution Speed (min-1)
In the case of the PM
Synchronous Motor
27
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Determination of the NET power
Other controlled motor
Maximum Power In the case of the PM
Synchronous Motor
28
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Determination of the NET power
Other types motor
Maximum Power
In the case of the Induction Motor
29
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Outline of the Maximum 30 min. power test
1. The maximum power value that can be outputted by continuation for 30 minutes.
2. The electric drive train shall run at the bench at a power which is the best estimate of the manufacturer for the maximum 30 minutes power.
3. The speed must be in a speed range, which the NET power
is greater than 90% of the maximum power.
This speed shall be recommended by the manufacture.
4. The power must be in a range of +/‐5% of the power value at the start of this test.
5. The application value of the power should not have a difference over +/‐2% to a measurement value. 30
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Determination of the measurement point
90% of
max. power
Maximum power
Measurable area
NET
power
In the case of the Permanent Magnet
Synchronous Motor
31
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Determination of the measurement point
Temperature rise of the coil due to the current.
Upper limit of the motor coil temp.
Motor coil temp.
motor speed
torque
power
32
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Determination of the measurement point
Example of when the applied torque is too large.
motor coil temp.
Upper limit of the motor coil temp.
motor speed
Overrun
torque
power
NG
Over +/-5%
30min.
33
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Determination of the measurement power, so that the motor coil
temp. does not exceed the upper limit.
Higher coil temp.
rise
Upper limit of the motor coil temp.
Coil temp.
of each power
Higher power
(Larger torque)
Each power
34
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Determination of the measurement point
Examples of items to limit the motor torque
1. Motor coil temp.
The purpose of having many coils inside the motor is to excite magnetic field,
therefore the coil will heat up when applying high current.
Copper wire that make up the coil is divided into insulation class in the
table below.
2. Temp. of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor(IGBT) in Controller
Same as IGBT inside motor controller, high current flows will generate
heat too. Normally, the upper limit temperature is set by the transistor maker.
Thus, temperature limit are set on motor and controller, respectively.
If this limit starts, the torque of motor will be reduced, in order to lower
the temperature.
IEC 60085
Thermal class(℃)
90
105
120
130
155
180
200
220
250
35
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Maximum 30min. power test sheet. (example)
In order to record the voltage and the rotational speed and the torque,
We will prepare tables and graphs like this when measuring the Maximum
30minutes power.
2．Examination table
( hr ：min ：sec )
min-1
1
Start
2
05min. later
3
10min. later
4
15min. later
5
20min. later
6
25min. later
7
30min. later
Average (7points)
Torque
Input
Voltage
Nm
kW
V(DC)
90
30
25
Shaft output power （ｋW)
Time
No.
Motor controller
Shaft
Power
60
20
Torque (Nm)
Electric motor
Revolution
Speed
15
30
10
Shaft
Power
5
Torque
0
0
Start
05min.
later
10min.
later
15min.
later
20min.
later
25min.
later
30min.
later
Time
36
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
3. Explanation of the certification test method.
Example of a Maximum 30min. power test
We will measure the motor speed, torque, power, and voltage at the start
of the test.
And 5minutes later, 10minutes later, We will record similar items.
In this example, the interval is 5 minutes.
2．Examination table
Time
( hr ：min ：sec )
-1
Motor controller
Torque
Shaft
Power
Input
Voltage
Nm
kW
V(DC)
96.3
50.4
250.2
1
Start
16:11:44
min
4999.8
2
05min. later
16:16:44
4999.7
96.1
50.3
250.1
3
10min. later
16:21:44
5000.1
96.0
50.3
250.2
4
15min. later
16:26:44
5000.5
95.9
50.2
250.0
5
20min. later
16:31:44
5000.6
95.8
50.2
250.2
6
25min. later
16:36:44
5000.1
95.6
50.1
250.1
7
30min. later
16:41:44
4999.8
95.5
50.0
250.2
5000.1
95.9
50.2
250.1
Average (7points)
80
120
70
100
60
80
50
60
40
30
40
20
Shaft
Power
10
Within 2% of the applicant value.
Torque
20
0
0
Start
Note : Above data is an example .
Torque (Nm)
No.
Revolution
Speed
Shaft power (kW)
Electric motor
05min.
later
10min.
later
15min.
later
20min.
later
25min.
later
30min.
later
Time
37
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
Summary
1. Many countries have Introduced UN No.85.
2. UN No.85 belongs to UN regulations.
3. A test bench is necessary to measure an power characteristic
of an electric motor to pass a certification test.
4. An extra cooling system may be introduced when necessary.
5. UN No.85 certification test has two test.
Determination of the NET power.
Determination of the maximum 30minutes power.
UN No.85 MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
Thank you very much
for your attention.
37th Expert Meeting Participant List
August 6th, 2014, Pullman Bangkok King Power, Bangkok, Thailand
Name
Seq I
Organization
First
Last
1 I
KAZUMA
OKURA
I
TAKASHI
2
I
SAWAMURA
KENICHI
I
YAMANAKA
I
TAKASHI
I
YANASE
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INATIONAL TRAFFIC SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT LABORATORY I
IMITSUBISHI MOTORS CORPORATION
IJAPAN AUTOMOBILE STANDARDS INTERNATIONALIZATION
I
I
CENTER
5
I
NAOMI
I
Signature
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3 I
4
NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD
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MORI
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JAPAN AUTOMOBILE STANDARDS INTERNATIONALIZATION
CENTER
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37th Expert Meeting Participant List
August 6th, 2014, Pullman Bangkok King Power, Bangkok, Thailand
~~i-=---~
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Last
Name
Seq I
Organization
Signature
First
1
TANEE
SUEBRERK
DEPARTMENT OF LAND TRANSPORT (DLT)
2
JIRAPORN
KAEWKRAISORN
DEPARTMENT OF LAND TRANSPORT (DLT)
/
PARINYA
3
VORATHUMRONG
IDEPARTMENT OF LAND TRAN SPORT (IJLT)
4
I
PATTANOP
I
SUMONTHA
IDEPARTMENT OF LAND TRAN SPORT (DLT)
5
I
APIPU
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L1 MSRIPHET
IDEPARTMENTOF LAND TRANSPORT CDLT)
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6
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NATTHAWUT
I
VIRIYAJITSOMBOON
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HONGSURAPHAN
DEPARTMENT OF LAND TRANSPORT (DLT)
IJt
10
KIATNARONG
KRUBA
DEPARTMENT OF LAND TRANSPORT (DLT)
~
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37th Expert Meeting Participant List
August 6th, 2014, Pullman Bangkok King Power, Bangkok, Thailand
111
CHATUPHOL
I
SUEAMEE
IDEPARTMENT OF LAND TRANSPORT (DLT)
12 1
KEDSARAPORN
I
KONGDEJ
IDEPARTMENT OF LAND TRANSPORT (DLT)
13 1
PHACHARANG
I
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IDEPARTMENT OF LAND TRANSPORT (DLT)
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PUMMARIN
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WIMONPHAT
I
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IDEPARTMENT OF LAN[) TRANSPORT (DLT)
I;
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37th Expert Meeting Participant List
\l
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August 6th, 2014, Pullman Bangkok King Power, Bangkok, Thailand
Organization
First
Last
1
YOSSAPONG
LAOONUAL
KING MONKUTS UNIVERSI1Y OF TECH NOLOGY THONBURI
2
PONGPAN
KAEWTATIP
KING MONKUT'S UNIVERS I1Y OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI
IKI NG MONKUTS UNIVERSI1Y OF TECH NOLOGY THONBURI
3
I
KITCHANON
I
RUANGJIRAKIT
4
I
PHUANGP HIT
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VISESSUVAN POOM
5
I
YADA
I
6 I
ANGKEE
I
7
8
Signature
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IMINISTRY OF INDUSTRY
I
WONGWATTANAKU L IMINISTRY OF INDUSTRY
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SRIPAKAGORN
ISOCIE1Y OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS-THAII.AND (TSAE)
NUKSIT
NOOMWONGS
SOCIE1Y OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS-THAILAND (TSAE)
SAIPRASIT
KOETNIYOM
TGGS / KING MONGKUrS UNIVERS I1Y OF TECH NOLOGY
NORTH BANGKOK
9
JULALUK
CARMAI
TGGS / KI NG MONG KUrS UNIVERS ITY OF TECHNOLOGY
NORTH BANGKOK
10
NITHIPOL
EKBOONYARIT
THAILAND AUTOMOTIVE IN STITUTE
~fL
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37th Expert Meeting Participant List
August 6th, 2014, Pullman Bangkok King Power, Bangkok, Thailand
12 I
UTAI
I
UNAGUL
ITHAILAND AUTOMOTIVE INSTITUTE
<C/"1C (
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WORAWUTH
I
KOVONGPANICH
14 I
SUAAJIT
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WANPAE
ITHAI INLJUSTHIAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE
THAI INDUSTRIAL STAN DARDS INSTITUTE
ITHAILAND AUTOMOTIVE INSTITUTE
15
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37th Expert Meeting Participant List
August 6th, 2014, Pullman Bangkok King Power, Bangkok, Thailand
Name
Organization
Seq
1 I
First
Last
PHONGSAK
LJ ILOKPHAn HRAWUT
ASIAN HONDA MOTORS CO., LTD.
I
.
Signature
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2
I
3 I
4
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5 I
SUTHAT
SAKAORAT
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SUPACHOKSUB
IAUTOALLIANCE (THAILAND) CO., LTD.
I PATTANAPALANONT IAUTOALLIANCE (THAILAN D) CO., LTD.
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PANGDEE
IAUTOALLIANCE (THAILAND) CO., LTD.
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IAUTOALLIANCE (THAILAND) CO., LTD.
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IAUTOALLIANCE (THAILAN D) CO., LTLJ .
IAUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY CLUB
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BMW (THAILAND) CO., LTD.
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JENGJAIBOON
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BMW (THAILAN D) CO., LTD.
ICHEVROLET SALES (THAI LAND) LIMITED
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37th Expert Meeting Participant List
August 6th, 2014, Pullman Bangkok King Power, Bangkok, Thailand
111
NAPAT
1
THANYAKIAT
IDENSO INTERNATIONAL ASIA CO., LTD.
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12 1
SINEENART
I
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TULLAWATTHANA
IFORD MOTOR COMPANY (THAILAND) CO., LTD.
13 1
SUVITCHA
14
KANNAPA
PATANE
GENERAL MOTORS (THAILAND) LTD.
15
HOJAE
SHIN
GENERAL MOTOHS (THAll_AND) LTD.
16
RUTH
WANNARUETAI
HONDA AUTOMOBILE (THAILAND) CO.,LTD
TRAKARNSOOK
IHONDA AUTOMOBILE (THAILAND) CO.,LTD
17 1
NATTAWUT
1
BUNYARATAVEJ
IFORD MOTOR COMPANY (THAILAND) CO., LTD.
I
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18 I
KAESINEE
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KLANGTHONG
IHONDA AUTOMOBILE (THAILAND) CO.,LTD
19 1
TAMONWAN
I
KANCHITAKORN
IKISTLER INSTRUMENT (THAILAND) CO. , LTlJ.
20
KEIGO
HIGAKI
21
NALUPON
WIANGCHANOK
MERCEDES-BENZ (THAILAND) CO., LTD.
22
NUTHAPONG
OUMRONGRAT
MERCEDES-BENZ (THAILAND) CO. , LTO.
MAZDA SALES THAILAND
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37th Expert Meeting Participant List
U
August 6th, 2014, Pullman Bangkok King Power, Bangkok, Thailand
23 I
KORANASE
I
KONGPASOOK
IMITSUBISHI MOTORS (THAILAND) CO., LTD
24 I
PATOOMPORN
I
TIWAPEE
IMITSUBISHI MOTORS (THAILAND) CO., LTD
I
I
I
25 I
PIENGJAI
I
KEAWSUWAN
INISSAN MOTOR (THAILAND)
I
26 I
WEERAWAT
I
LAWAPIMOL
INISSAN MOTOR (THAILAND)
I
27 I
SATHIMA
I
PATIAMAPONGSA
INISSAN MOTOR (THAILAND)
28
ORAPIM
CHANAPRAT
NISSAN MOTOR (THAILAND)
29
JUTHATHIP
SINTHAO
NISSAN MOTOR ASIA PACIFIC CO., LTD.
30 I
WARUN EE
I
KATENOM
INISSAN MOTOR ASIA PACIFIC CO., LTD.
31 I
SUPARATANA
I
MINDERJAHN
32 I
JAREERAT
I
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33 I
34
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ISAICMOTOR-CP CO., LTD.
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KONGKORAT
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SAMMITR GREEN POWER CO.,LTD
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37th Expert Meeting Participant List
V
August 6th, 2014, Pullman Bangkok King Power, Bangkok, Thailand
35 I
WARAPORN
I
SANGKIETIIYUT
ISUZUKI MOTOR (THAILAND) CO., LTD.
I
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36 I
BANPOCH
I TENGWONGWATTANA ITOYOTA MOTOR THAILAND CO., LETD.
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37 I
ORAPAT
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OPATHANAKORN
ITOYOTA MOTOR THAI LAND CO., LETD.
38 I
TEERA
I
PRASONGCHAN
39 I
THANAWAT
I
ARORA
40 I
ACHANA
I
L1MPAITOON
ITHAI AUTO-PARTS MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (TAPMA)
41 I
CHIRA
I
UDOMSILPA
ITHAI AUTO-PARTS MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (TAPMA)
42 I
THAIWAAN
I
KOIKUL
43 I
THANAWAT
I
KOOMSIN
44 I
KAIRAWEE
45 I
46
I
ITOYOTA MOTOR THAILAND CO., LETD.
I
I
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ITHAI YAMAHA MOTOR CO., LTD.
L
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ITHAI AUTO-PARTS MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (TAPMA)
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ITHE THAI AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION
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BHAOPICHITR
ITRIPETCH ISUZU SALES CO.,LTO.
SIAMNAT
PANASSORN
TRIPETCH ISUZU SALES CO.,LTO.
CHATCHANEE
PAKAVATSOONTORN
ITRIPETCH ISUZU SAI _ES CO.,LTO.
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37th Expert Meeting Participant List
August 6th, 2014, Pullman Bangkok King Power, Bangkok, Thailand
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RAMITA
AROON
PRASONG
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ITRIPETCH ISUZU SALES CO.,LTD.
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３７ｔｈアジア専門家会議（タイ）議事録
１．開催日時
：
２０１４年８月６日（水）
９：３０～１５：４０
２．開催場所
： バンコク
３．主催者
：
Department of Land Transport
出席者
：
陸上運輸局（ＤＬＴ）
，工業技術院（ＴＩＳＩ）
，自動車試験所（ＴＡＩ）
，
Pullman Bangkok King Power
自動車技術会（ＴＳＡＥ）
，自動車工業会（ＴＡＩＡ），
部品工業会（ＴＡＭＰＡ）等、合計約６０名
４．日本ＪＡＳＩＣ出席者
Ｒ９４，Ｒ９５，Ｒ１００の法規要件の説明者として大蔵氏（日産）
、Ｒ９４，Ｒ９５，
Ｒ１００の認証試験の説明者として澤村氏（交通研）
、Ｒ８５の説明者として山中氏（三菱
自）
、事務局として梁瀨（ＪＡＳＩＣ），森（ＪＡＳＩＣ）計５名。
５．内容概要
主催者を代表して、ＤＬＴ Cheif Jirapon 氏，Director Tanne 氏より開会の挨拶の後、記
念品贈呈・記念撮影。ＪＡＳＩＣを代表して梁瀬より挨拶を行った。その後前面衝突時にお
ける乗員の保護（Ｒ９４），側面衝突時における乗員の保護（Ｒ９５）
，電気パワートレーン
（Ｒ１００），馬力測定法（Ｒ８５）のプレゼンを通じ、タイ関係者の疑問を解消、会議は
和やかかつ盛況の内に終了した。
＜日本ＪＡＳＩＣのプレゼン＞
１．General Information, Technical Requirements for R94,R95,R100（Requirement for Frontal
Crash Regulation, Side Impact Regulation , Electric Power Train）大蔵氏（日産）
最初に規則の歴史とスコープ、概要を説明の後、
具体的に法規要件を R100 PartⅠ、
R12,R94,R95、R100 PartⅡを説明。 ＤＬＴより追加要望あった、定期点検，非常時対応に
付いても説明。
○主な質疑内容
Ｑ１
R100 に記載されているハイボルテージの基準（直流 60V、交流 30V）のもとは何か
Ａ１
IEC の規格にて設定されている。R100 制定前からの業界に規格に合わせた。
Ｑ２ 前進/後退の表示は何故必要か？
Ａ２
バックギアなどの機械的な構造が必要なく、電気的な制御だけで前進/後退が可能
になるので、誤操作防止のために本要件を入れている。
Ｑ３ ハイブリッドはエンジンがついているので、本要件は必要ないと考えても良いか？
Ａ３ ハイブリッドでもシリーズ方式は EV 走行モードで走るため、本要件は必要と考え
る。
Ａ４ 何故 FCV にだけ絶縁抵抗の免除要件が必要となるのか？
Ｑ４
Fuel Cell 本体は不純物による劣化が課題であり、Fuel Cell 本体のクーラントと
して純水を使用している。純水をメンテナンスなしで高抵抗に保つ（つまり車両の
絶縁抵抗を維持する）のは難しく、したがって純水を使用しないで良い Fuel Cell
が大きな技術課題となっている。そういった現状では、免除要件が必要となってい
る。
Ｑ５
タイでは EV の導入がない状況であるが、
導入したいと考えており、
その場合に R100
以外に該当する基準はないのか？
Ａ５
現在、アメリカ、中国などが入り GTR を作成している。その状況も今後考慮すべき
である。現時点では、R100 が妥当な基準であると考えている。
Ｑ６
R100 の Part Ⅱ には REESS の規定があるが、バッテリーの寿命が切れた時点での
安全性はどう確認するのか
Ａ６
100 は新車の基準であり、安全の Performance を規定している。使用過程上の寿命
については各社及びユーザーにて安全性の確認が必要である。
２．Testing for R94,R95,R100（Requirement for Frontal Crash Regulation, Side Impact
Regulation , Electric Power Train）澤村氏（交通研）
最初に法規概要を説明し、R100,R94,R95 の試験方法，確認項目に付いて説明。Ｒ９４，Ｒ
９５は感電保護に関わる試験に特化し説明をした。
○主な質疑内容
Ｑ１
R95 に記載されている R ポイントは何を指すのか
Ａ１
３DH マシーンで測定したヒップポイントのこと。R95 はヒップポイント 700 ㎜以
上の車両は適用除外となる。ヒップポイントは床からの高さである。
Ｑ２
IPXXB は市場で購入は可能か？また記録の取り方はどうするのか。
Ａ２
市場で購入が可能である。記録は別にとるのではなく、ランプの表示を見て直接接
触の有無を確認する。
Ｑ３
日本ではだれがこのテストを行うのか。また、実際に EV に接触し試験を行うのは
だれか。
Ａ３
認証試験はテクニカルサービスが実施する。日本では NTSEL が実施している。ただ
し直接車両に接触するのは、各メーカーで設計が異なるため、設計に合わせメーカ
ーの試験担当者が接触試験を行いテクニカルサービスが立会い確認を行う。
３．General Information, Technical Requirements & Testing for R85（Measurement of Net Power）
山中氏（三菱自）
R85 のモーターに関する項目に付き、法規の位置付け、法規概要，試験方法に付いて説明。
○主な質疑内容
Ｑ１ 試験時のモータの冷却はどのようにしているのか
Ａ１ 水で冷却を行っている。
Ｑ２
UNR85 はエンジンの馬力測定とモータとあるが、ハイブリッド車の場合はどのよう
に測定をしているのか。
Ａ２
エンジンはエンジン専用ベンチ、モータはモータ専用ベンチでそれぞれに計測を行
う。法規上は別の要件となるので、両方を満足するよう個別に計測する必要がある。
ただし、開発段階では、必要に応じ同時に駆動させることもある。
以上